Additive manufacturing (AM) of metal components is a rapidly growing advancedmanufacturing paradigm that promises unparalleled flexibility in the productionof parts with complex geometries. However, in contrast to most traditional manufacturing methods, AM combines the material (alloy) production and the build process into a single step. The resulting extreme processing conditions create position-dependent microstructures, residual stresses, and properties that severely complicate component and process design, production, and certification.